深圳华章：MBA联考英语语法——独立主格结构

1.名词（代词）+现在分词

The question being settled, we went home. 问题解决之后，我们就回家了。

We shall play the match tomorrow, weather permitting. 明天假设天气好，我们就进行比赛。The monitor being ill, we’d better put the meeting off. 班长病了，我们最好还是延期开会吧。

2. 名词（代词）+过去分词

The job finished, we went home. 工作结束后我们就回家了。

The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. 最后一班公车已经走了，我们必须走路回家。More time given, we should have done the job much better. 如果给我们更多的时间，我们会把工作做得更好。

3.名词（代词）+不定式

 So many people to help him, he is sure to succeed. 有如此多的人来帮助他，他一定会成功的。

4. 名词（代词）+介词短语

The soldiers dashed in, rifle in hand. 士兵们端着枪冲了进来。

A girl came in, book in hand. 一个少女进来了，手里拿着书。

He was waiting, his eyes on her back. 他在等着，眼睛望着她的背影。

5. 名词（代词）+形容词或副词

He sat in the front row, his mouth half open. 他坐在前排，嘴半开着。

She sat at the table, collar off, head down, and pen in position, ready to begin the long letter. 她坐在桌前，衣领已解掉，头低了下来，拿好钢笔，准备开始写一封长信。

6. There being +名词（代词）

There being nothing else to do, we went home. 没有别的事可做，我们就回家了。

There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed. 没有再要讨论的事了，我宣布散会。

7. It being +名词（代词）

It being Christmas, the government offices were closed. 由于圣诞节的缘故，政府机关都休息。

It being a holiday, all the shops were shut. 由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。

 注：独立主格结构有时可在其前加上介词with。如：Don’t sleep with the windows open. 别开着窗睡觉。